The word "economy" is increasingly slips into the realities of modern life. Of course, this is not new, and a prudent approach to spending any natural resources has been and remains relevant at all times, however, agree that the modern economy is somewhat different, even compared to the events of twenty years ago during the era of such rapid developed socialism. And needless to say twenty years, when the problem becomes more urgent by the day. Its main cause is trite and hackneyed word - expensive. Expensive not because they so want to specified forces or someone gets a windfall, and expensive, because for all their technogenic human community still can not ignore the natural energy sources. It does not matter, we're talking about heat or electricity, it is still a determining element in this chain are hydrocarbons - oil and gas. Their reserves have so far can be considered limited, so higher prices of derivatives (fuel, heat, electricity) is inevitable. In simpler terms, period of apprenticeship that comes into the apartment to be "heavier" every year. And this process, unfortunately, is irreversible.
That is why the economy of resources is not just a tribute to fashion or directive, top-down, and the real way to improve their welfare. His in particular and the country as a whole. Today we want to highlight the issues of spending power, of course, not going into the banal details. The fact that when leaving the room to turn off the lights or energy-saving light bulb that pays for itself in a year, we know everything. Ironically, but such simple measures can achieve the lion's share of the economy. Even a simple calculation shows dozens of unspent percent. We will try to update more difficult time and look for ways to further the safety of your money when it seems everything has been done.
To do this, look in the direction of computer power supplies. Yes, the computer consumes a bit - an average of one to two as standard incandescent bulbs, so the home is not as important. But if the fleet as part of a single enterprise in the thousands? And within the country? Then even the savings of 5-10% against a 15% annual rise in prices of electricity look very substantial.
What power supply is preferred for the build?
Cheap - answer you, and will be twice wrong. First, the cheapest means unreliable, so it is the original risk. Second, the cheapest unit in most cases is a simplified and, most importantly, the outdated design. If we put aside all the talk about the load capacity, noise, etc., then you can state the fact that the efficiency of the solution is determined by only one parameter - the coefficient of performance (COP). What is it that each of us remember from school physics course, or at least know about. Efficiency - the ratio of power to give away spent. That is, having two different sources of power, we can shoot each, for example, 200 W, only that one will consume 250 watts from the wall outlet, and the second - 300. It is clear that the higher the ratio, the better. Ideally, it is 100%, but this efficiency is not there, just like a perpetual motion machine. In general, the requirements for the coefficient of performance defined not too hard, but to be considered a standard ATX power supply specification version 2.2, the minimum efficiency at half power should not be below 72%, and the entire range is not to fall to 65%. The same document (ATX12V Power Supply Design Guide) recommends that manufacturers strive to at least 80%, preferably more and exceed this figure. Unfortunately, it is not necessary, so the difference between the different sources can be significant. The situation is a bit aligns certification "80Plus", but it requires the manufacturer to unnecessary costs, so they prefer to use it only for the top models. But where the issue is particularly important - in large organizations - to build computers using the most that neither is low blocks. That's what we do a little research in order to know the actual characteristics and calculate the conditional benefit.
Testing the common models
So, it's time to look at some real-world examples in order to assess the situation in practice. We tried to pick up eight power units that belong to the middle price range, so that our study was more revealing. The reasons for this choice are obvious. First, expensive sources rarely used in standard computers. Second, we reject the ultradeshevyh solutions, because they are bad in every way, and excess savings is often unjustified.
Test 8 different power supplies. These are the three models of the company and five Chieftec - FSP. With the last clear. FSP'shki have become popular pets, as these sources have appeared on the market in those dashing time when half of the full range of computer stores can be subjected to harsh criticism. These solutions and still popular, but it is interesting to see how they look on the background of modern products. Chieftec - brand in our market although young but already famous. Two units with capacity 355 and 405 W fits into the default, while more senior CTG-500-80R is designed for individual sales.
Let's start with Poweman. The model of IP-S350T7-0 is a kind of cross between the classic and proven more or less modern circuitry. Inside the block is good, but nothing more. The manufacturer did not leave empty spaces on the board, but also a special "safety margin" is not laid. PFC is absent, and is used to cool the archaic 80 mm fan. Such a source of a priori will play on noise models with 120 timilimetrovym cooler when operating temperature will be worse. Model IP-S400T7-0 and IP-S450T7-0 is almost exactly the same. Increase in capacity achieved only through easy schema changes and installation of large heatsink. Maximum efficiency in the case of a 350-watt model is 81%, the average range - 78.5%. The result is modest by today's standards. For a 450-watt model coefficient also does not rise more than 81%, and the average is 78.7%. Average efficiency for IP-S400T7-0 is 78.9%, the peak he reaches 82%. 0
Models ATX350N and ATX-350PNR made for a similar scheme. The installation and implementation of e-filling special claims do not arise, but such a decision rather archaic. Well at least used to cool the big 120-mm fan. The remaining three units differ in capacity, but built on the same platform, but with different parameters, and more powerful semiconductors. More modern look only ATX-500PNR, as there are already equipped with an active equalizer output.
But even so, the block is designed to work with a network of 230 V. The maximum efficiency model ATX350N reaches only 80%, the average steady at 77.2%. For ATX-350PNR peak number is higher - 81% and the average is 77%. More powerful sources, unfortunately, did not boast impressive settings. ATX-450 for the maximum efficiency of 80%, the average - 78%. For ATX-450PNR generally 80% and 77.4%, respectively. The most advanced of the budget FSP provides the maximum efficiency of 82% and an average of - 78.9%. Summarizing, we can say that in the existing realities of these numbers can be called modest.
Consider solutions Chieftec. The two lower-end models, though set in the ordinary cases, but made quite interesting. Use modern scheme and active PFC. Senior block them too not deprived. Efficiency for the ANP-355A12 peak as high as 84%, and the average range is kept at 82.6%. For ANP-405A12 these figures are 84% and 82.5%, respectively. CTF-500-80P at the peak gives 85%, and an average of - 83.1%.
Preliminary results, we can state the following situation with the efficiency of computer power supplies. Maximum achieved to date efficiency for production models already exceeds 90%. But this is true only for the most expensive sources with FET output instead of diode arrays, or DC-DC converters. These sources are still very expensive, and the mass will not be soon. The maximum efficiency for a typical modern unit reaches a height of 85-86%, with luck - a little more. Sources is made for obsolete schemes and technologies, barely get to 80%. For example, the actual difference between the considered Chieftec FSP and the average is 5%.
As a result,
We can only state the fact that the use of modern power supplies for PCs can be considered one of the most effective measures to reduce energy consumption. The difference between inexpensive and modern solutions to older samples of 5% despite the fact that the price is at the same level. For example, comparing the tested sources Chieftec and FSP, we see that a higher conversion efficiency can save a great year for the organization rather notable amount. If we consider that only in our country annually produces about 150 thousand computers, even a 5% reduction in consumption leads to enormous savings. In addition, the high efficiency is advantageous not only from the economic point of view. Do not forget that it produces less heat. Therefore, these units less warm air and more reliable.
That is why the economy of resources is not just a tribute to fashion or directive, top-down, and the real way to improve their welfare. His in particular and the country as a whole. Today we want to highlight the issues of spending power, of course, not going into the banal details. The fact that when leaving the room to turn off the lights or energy-saving light bulb that pays for itself in a year, we know everything. Ironically, but such simple measures can achieve the lion's share of the economy. Even a simple calculation shows dozens of unspent percent. We will try to update more difficult time and look for ways to further the safety of your money when it seems everything has been done.
To do this, look in the direction of computer power supplies. Yes, the computer consumes a bit - an average of one to two as standard incandescent bulbs, so the home is not as important. But if the fleet as part of a single enterprise in the thousands? And within the country? Then even the savings of 5-10% against a 15% annual rise in prices of electricity look very substantial.
What power supply is preferred for the build?
Cheap - answer you, and will be twice wrong. First, the cheapest means unreliable, so it is the original risk. Second, the cheapest unit in most cases is a simplified and, most importantly, the outdated design. If we put aside all the talk about the load capacity, noise, etc., then you can state the fact that the efficiency of the solution is determined by only one parameter - the coefficient of performance (COP). What is it that each of us remember from school physics course, or at least know about. Efficiency - the ratio of power to give away spent. That is, having two different sources of power, we can shoot each, for example, 200 W, only that one will consume 250 watts from the wall outlet, and the second - 300. It is clear that the higher the ratio, the better. Ideally, it is 100%, but this efficiency is not there, just like a perpetual motion machine. In general, the requirements for the coefficient of performance defined not too hard, but to be considered a standard ATX power supply specification version 2.2, the minimum efficiency at half power should not be below 72%, and the entire range is not to fall to 65%. The same document (ATX12V Power Supply Design Guide) recommends that manufacturers strive to at least 80%, preferably more and exceed this figure. Unfortunately, it is not necessary, so the difference between the different sources can be significant. The situation is a bit aligns certification "80Plus", but it requires the manufacturer to unnecessary costs, so they prefer to use it only for the top models. But where the issue is particularly important - in large organizations - to build computers using the most that neither is low blocks. That's what we do a little research in order to know the actual characteristics and calculate the conditional benefit.
Testing the common models
So, it's time to look at some real-world examples in order to assess the situation in practice. We tried to pick up eight power units that belong to the middle price range, so that our study was more revealing. The reasons for this choice are obvious. First, expensive sources rarely used in standard computers. Second, we reject the ultradeshevyh solutions, because they are bad in every way, and excess savings is often unjustified.
Test 8 different power supplies. These are the three models of the company and five Chieftec - FSP. With the last clear. FSP'shki have become popular pets, as these sources have appeared on the market in those dashing time when half of the full range of computer stores can be subjected to harsh criticism. These solutions and still popular, but it is interesting to see how they look on the background of modern products. Chieftec - brand in our market although young but already famous. Two units with capacity 355 and 405 W fits into the default, while more senior CTG-500-80R is designed for individual sales.
Let's start with Poweman. The model of IP-S350T7-0 is a kind of cross between the classic and proven more or less modern circuitry. Inside the block is good, but nothing more. The manufacturer did not leave empty spaces on the board, but also a special "safety margin" is not laid. PFC is absent, and is used to cool the archaic 80 mm fan. Such a source of a priori will play on noise models with 120 timilimetrovym cooler when operating temperature will be worse. Model IP-S400T7-0 and IP-S450T7-0 is almost exactly the same. Increase in capacity achieved only through easy schema changes and installation of large heatsink. Maximum efficiency in the case of a 350-watt model is 81%, the average range - 78.5%. The result is modest by today's standards. For a 450-watt model coefficient also does not rise more than 81%, and the average is 78.7%. Average efficiency for IP-S400T7-0 is 78.9%, the peak he reaches 82%. 0
Models ATX350N and ATX-350PNR made for a similar scheme. The installation and implementation of e-filling special claims do not arise, but such a decision rather archaic. Well at least used to cool the big 120-mm fan. The remaining three units differ in capacity, but built on the same platform, but with different parameters, and more powerful semiconductors. More modern look only ATX-500PNR, as there are already equipped with an active equalizer output.
But even so, the block is designed to work with a network of 230 V. The maximum efficiency model ATX350N reaches only 80%, the average steady at 77.2%. For ATX-350PNR peak number is higher - 81% and the average is 77%. More powerful sources, unfortunately, did not boast impressive settings. ATX-450 for the maximum efficiency of 80%, the average - 78%. For ATX-450PNR generally 80% and 77.4%, respectively. The most advanced of the budget FSP provides the maximum efficiency of 82% and an average of - 78.9%. Summarizing, we can say that in the existing realities of these numbers can be called modest.
Consider solutions Chieftec. The two lower-end models, though set in the ordinary cases, but made quite interesting. Use modern scheme and active PFC. Senior block them too not deprived. Efficiency for the ANP-355A12 peak as high as 84%, and the average range is kept at 82.6%. For ANP-405A12 these figures are 84% and 82.5%, respectively. CTF-500-80P at the peak gives 85%, and an average of - 83.1%.
Preliminary results, we can state the following situation with the efficiency of computer power supplies. Maximum achieved to date efficiency for production models already exceeds 90%. But this is true only for the most expensive sources with FET output instead of diode arrays, or DC-DC converters. These sources are still very expensive, and the mass will not be soon. The maximum efficiency for a typical modern unit reaches a height of 85-86%, with luck - a little more. Sources is made for obsolete schemes and technologies, barely get to 80%. For example, the actual difference between the considered Chieftec FSP and the average is 5%.
As a result,
We can only state the fact that the use of modern power supplies for PCs can be considered one of the most effective measures to reduce energy consumption. The difference between inexpensive and modern solutions to older samples of 5% despite the fact that the price is at the same level. For example, comparing the tested sources Chieftec and FSP, we see that a higher conversion efficiency can save a great year for the organization rather notable amount. If we consider that only in our country annually produces about 150 thousand computers, even a 5% reduction in consumption leads to enormous savings. In addition, the high efficiency is advantageous not only from the economic point of view. Do not forget that it produces less heat. Therefore, these units less warm air and more reliable.
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